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Kirchhoff Rules Interactive

Adjust the voltage sources and resistors. The circuit updates instantly so you can see how Kirchhoff's Current Law and Voltage Law describe the same circuit from two viewpoints.

The Two Rules

KCL at a node

All currents entering and leaving one node must balance.

ΣI = 0
KVL around a loop

All voltage rises and drops around a closed loop must balance.

ΣV = 0
node voltage 0.00 V R1 R2 R3 V1 V2 I1 I2 I3
Node Voltage 0.00 V
KCL Check 0.000 mA
Dominant Path R1

KCL at the green node

I1 + I2 + I3 = 0
0 + 0 + 0 = 0 mA

Positive current is defined as leaving the node. A negative value means current is entering the node.

KVL around each side loop

V1 - VR1 - Vnode = 0
V2 - VR2 - Vnode = 0

Each source rise is exactly balanced by resistor drops and the node-to-ground drop.

Quick Check

Estimate the node voltage from the circuit above, then type your answer in volts. Within 0.10 V counts as correct.